S4.7.2 For the adult

Balancing equations

A candle burns away and leaves almost nothing. Where did the wax go?

What this chapter teaches

In a reaction atoms are only rearranged, so an equation must have the same atoms on both sides. We balance it with numbers in front of formulae and never change a formula. Mass is conserved, and an apparent change in an open container is a gas leaving or joining from the air.

Three questions to ask

There is no one right wording. Listen for the idea.

  1. Why can we write 2 in front of H₂O to balance an equation, but not change H₂O to H₂O₂?
  2. How would you check that 2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO is balanced?
  3. Why does magnesium weigh more after burning in an open dish, but chalk weighs less after heating?

After the chapter, the learner can

  • Balance symbol equations and add state symbols
  • Explain why mass is conserved in a reaction

What they copy into their notebook

Atoms are not made or destroyed, so both sides of an equation have the same atoms. Balance with numbers in front. Never change a formula. Mass is conserved.

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